Jet engines (Assembling)
INTRODUCTION:
When you go to an airport and see the commercial jets there, you can't help but notice the huge engines that power them. Most commercial jets are powered by turbofan engines, and turbofans are one example of a general class of engines called gas turbine engines.
When you go to an airport and see the commercial jets there, you can't help but notice the huge engines that power them. Most commercial jets are powered by turbofan engines, and turbofans are one example of a general class of engines called gas turbine engines.
You may have never heard of gas turbine engines, but they are used in all kinds of unexpected places. For example, many of the helicopters you see, a lot of smaller power plants and even the M-1 Tank use gas turbines. In this article, we will look at gas turbine engines to see what makes them tick!
A gas turbine is so named because the working medium is hot flue(burnt) gas resulting from burning fuel like natural gas, kerosene oil or light fuel oil (diesel).
Where the hot exhaust gas, before going to atmosphere is used to heat the inlet compressed air usable in the same gas turbine, the cycle is called regenerative otherwise non-regenerative. The purpose is similar to heating the inlet air by hot exhaust fuel gas through air heater in boiler furnace system for economizing in fuel consumption.
There two types of cycles in gas turbines.
PURPOSE: Like water turbine at hydroelectric or turbine at thermal power stations a gas turbine can also be used to turn a generator rotor at power station or any where to produce power. The gas turbine is also used to turn the propeller of ship or to give thrust applied in a turbojet plane.
ADVANTAGE: Reliable, smart technology, low maintenance ready availability and very short time needed to start and run a gas turbine is an advantage to cope up with the peak load demand (extra need for short period).
PRINCIPLE: The gas turbine works by utilizing the heat energy present in the flue gas resulted from burning fuel. Because the heat cannot do mechanical work directly i.e it can not move any thing in contact of hot material there is a medium ( gas or steam ) required which can move or push on it's way while moving due to pressure difference and expanding also.
The principles of thermodynamics govern the working of gas turbine. Heat is converted into power utilizing a medium that can be heated and that pushes the obstruction on its way while expanding.
In gas turbine combustion chamber (basket), the temperature and pressure of contact is raised high enough due to heat of the burning fuel and the flue gas itself becomes the medium to do mechanical work.
Before hot gas is allowed to flow through the working blades called moving blades that are mounted on the shaft it is divided and passes through a set of so called fixed bales also called nozzles attached with frame which give to the gas proper entry angle by virtue of designed passage between every two adjacent blades. After Passing these blades the gas hits the set of blades that move and consequently the shaft rotates on which these blades are mounted rigidly.
One pair of fixed and moving blades form a stage. The number of stages can be many in gas turbine as per it's capacity.
(Moving Blades.)
(Stationary Blades)
A gas turbine is so named because the working medium is hot flue(burnt) gas resulting from burning fuel like natural gas, kerosene oil or light fuel oil (diesel).
Where the hot exhaust gas, before going to atmosphere is used to heat the inlet compressed air usable in the same gas turbine, the cycle is called regenerative otherwise non-regenerative. The purpose is similar to heating the inlet air by hot exhaust fuel gas through air heater in boiler furnace system for economizing in fuel consumption.
There two types of cycles in gas turbines.
- Combined Cycle. Where there can be provision to use left over heat in turbine exhaust flue gas for heating / reheating water in steam turbine is called combined cycle.\
- Open Cycle: Where there can be provision to use left over heat in turbine exhaust flue gas goes to atmosphere and never returns to use for reheating purposes is called open cycle.
PURPOSE: Like water turbine at hydroelectric or turbine at thermal power stations a gas turbine can also be used to turn a generator rotor at power station or any where to produce power. The gas turbine is also used to turn the propeller of ship or to give thrust applied in a turbojet plane.
ADVANTAGE: Reliable, smart technology, low maintenance ready availability and very short time needed to start and run a gas turbine is an advantage to cope up with the peak load demand (extra need for short period).
PRINCIPLE: The gas turbine works by utilizing the heat energy present in the flue gas resulted from burning fuel. Because the heat cannot do mechanical work directly i.e it can not move any thing in contact of hot material there is a medium ( gas or steam ) required which can move or push on it's way while moving due to pressure difference and expanding also.
The principles of thermodynamics govern the working of gas turbine. Heat is converted into power utilizing a medium that can be heated and that pushes the obstruction on its way while expanding.
In gas turbine combustion chamber (basket), the temperature and pressure of contact is raised high enough due to heat of the burning fuel and the flue gas itself becomes the medium to do mechanical work.
Before hot gas is allowed to flow through the working blades called moving blades that are mounted on the shaft it is divided and passes through a set of so called fixed bales also called nozzles attached with frame which give to the gas proper entry angle by virtue of designed passage between every two adjacent blades. After Passing these blades the gas hits the set of blades that move and consequently the shaft rotates on which these blades are mounted rigidly.
One pair of fixed and moving blades form a stage. The number of stages can be many in gas turbine as per it's capacity.
(Moving Blades.)
(Stationary Blades)
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